Background on testicular
lymphoma
"Testicular lymphoma is a rare extranodal
presentation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma." Extranodal means
the location of the malignant cells was found outside lymphoid organs
(lymph nodes).
"Prognosis depends on the type and stage of lymphoma. The usual
treatment is surgical removal, followed by radiation and/or
chemotherapy."
What Is Testicular Cancer? cancer.org
"Involvement of “sanctuary” sites, which include the CNS
and testicles, is more frequently associated with Burkitt's NHL and
non-Burkitt's small-cell NHL, T-ALL, primary testicular diffuse
large-cell lymphoma [23], HIV-associated aggressive B-cell lymphoma,
and HTLV-1 associated lymphoma." cancernetwork.com/textbook
"Lymphoma, leukemia, and melanoma are the most common
malignancies that metastasize to the testicle." emedicine
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Incidence
Lymphoma is the most common secondary testicular
cancer. Among men older than 50, testicular lymphoma is more common
than primary testicular tumors.
"Testicular cancer, which is rare in the United States (about
1% of all cancers in males), is more common worldwide among whites
than blacks or Hispanics."
Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation
Exposure Screening and Education Program (2005) cache.search.yahoo
Also see: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Diagnosis
To make an accurate diagnosis of lymphoma, a
biopsy must be performed by the surgical removal (resection) of a
lymph node. A fine needle aspiration may be performed if a
lymph node is not accessible, but this is not considered a definitive
way to determine the diagnosis.
A series of tests will then
be performed to determine the characteristics of the cells. If a
malignancy is determine, these characteristics will allow your doctors
to determine the appropriate treatments to use when needed.
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Resources
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Stage I-IIE primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the testis: results
of a prospective trial by the GOELAMS Study Group.
Clin Lymphoma. 2002 Dec;3(3):167-72. PMID:
12521394
After a median follow-up period of 73.5 months, the probability of
disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 70% and
65%, respectively for all patients. Disease-free survival and OS were
66% and 83% in patients = 60 years of age, and 74% and 56% in patients
> 60 years of age. Relapse occurred in extranodal sites in 4 cases
and in abdominal lymph nodes in the last case. Relapse in the CNS
occurred in only 1 patient and in the contralateral testis in 1
patient. We found no correlation between OS, DFS and extent of
testicular involvement..
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Testicular lymphoma: organ-specific treatment did not improve
outcome.
Oncology. 2004;67(3-4):211-4. PMID:
15557780
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Diffuse large-cell lymphoma of the testis.
J Clin Oncol. 1999 Sep;17(9):2854-8. PMID:
10561362
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Localized non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the testis: the Sheffield
Lymphoma Group experience. Int J Oncol. 2005 Apr;26(4):1093-9. PMID:
15754007
the evidence points to a combined modality approach being the most
likely effective treatment, comprising surgery,
anthracycline-containing combination chemotherapy with or without
prophylactic contralateral testis and regional lymph node
irradiation."
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