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Side EffectsPeripheral Neuropathy

Last update: 10/15/2011

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Introduction | Treating Neuropathy| ResourcesResearch News

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Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is experienced as the loss of feeling in limbs and extremities. PN is probably caused when damage occurs to the myelin sheath, the "insulation" covering the nerve endings. PN is also caused by other conditions, such as HIV, and diabetes. 

Peripheral Neuropathy can be prevented or its progression slowed. By recognizing the early signs and symptoms, you can get prompt diagnosis, adjustment of cancer treatment, and treatment for the condition.

In the News

bullet Neuropathic Pain - Med News Today: (company press release)
KRN5500 Demonstrated Significant Decrease In The Intensity
Of Neuropathic Pain In Patients With Cancer

Drugs with Risk of this Side Effect:

Chemotherapeutic agents used to treat hematologic and solid tumors target a variety of structures and functions in the peripheral nervous system, including the neuronal cell body, the axonal transport system, the myelin sheath, and glial support structures. ”

bullet
Vincristine (part of CHOP)

Symptoms of PN may occur in individuals who clear this drug too slowly,
leading to increased concentrations of the drug in the blood.

Please report PN symptoms to your oncologist when they occur.
bullet PLATINUM COMPOUNDS:

Cisplatin (Platinol®)

Carboplatin (Paraplatin®)

Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin®)
 

bullet
Velcade - Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (BIPN)

Incidence and severity of bortezomib-induced PN BIPN was first reported in phase I trials.24 ... Among patients who developed PN, a full resolution or an improvement of the PN was reported in most of the patients during follow-up (in 51% of the patients with grade ≥2 PN, and in 71% of the patients with grade 3, 4 PN or with PN resulting in treatment discontinuation).

The median time to improvement or resolution of the PN was 47 (range, 1–529) days. Among patients without PN in the SUMMIT/CREST trials, 41 were included in the extension of the SUMMIT trial: only 5 (12%) of these patients presented PN after the additional courses of bortezomib. In spite of a prolonged treatment, most of the patients who had presented a PN in the SUMMIT/CREST trials did not report an aggravation of the PN, demonstrating that prolonged exposure to bortezomib does not increase the incidence or severity of the PN.14

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2817035/

Symptoms: (will depend on severity)

bullet
Balance problems
bullet
Deep soreness or shooting pains in the muscles of the legs and lower arms that may
come and go, but always affect the same general area
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Electric shock sensation
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Numbness, loss of sensation
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Scab-like sensation when something touches their fingers or toes
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Trouble swallowing
bullet
Severe cases: 

touching the affected area can feel like touching an open wound
Severe pain and altered feedback in the nervous system may even interfere with walking

Areas Affected:
 

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Fingers and toes (most common)

This may move gradually upward in a stocking-glove type fashion.
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Bowel  
May cause or worsen constipation, or lead to conditions such as ileus (intestinal blockage).
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Other: face, back, chest.

Source:  Numbness & Tingling chemocare.com

NOTE: Please consult a pain specialist when experiencing severe levels of pain. 

See
neuropathy.org  to help locate a specialist in your area.

Treating Chemotherapy-related Peripheral Neuropathy? 

bullet
NEW: Neuropathic Pain - Med News Today: (company press release)
KRN5500 Demonstrated Significant Decrease In The Intensity
Of Neuropathic Pain In Patients With Cancer
bullet
Physical Therapy to Improve Functionality in Peripheral Neuropathy Patients
James Nussbaum, Ph.D., M.S.P.T., C.S.C.S., E.M.T.
http://bit.ly/iNxy6X 
 
bullet
Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Fact Sheet http://bit.ly/jyDcfb 

“Spotlight on Physical Therapy and Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

“Three studies have examined progressive resistive exercise, aerobic exercise, and stretching exercises in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy. All three found significant improvements in outcomes such as stance, functional reach, and peroneal motor conduction velocity (Balducci et al., 2006; Lindeman et al., 1995; Richardson et al., 2001). A Cochrane review examined the role of exercise for individuals with peripheral neuropathy from etiologies other than chemotherapy. The study found that exercise increased function, muscle strength, endurance, quality of life and return to work. Strengthening exercises were found to reverse the losses in muscle strength related to peripheral neuropathy.”
 
bullet
Antioxidants such as alpha lipoic acid to prevent PN?

"Because it is a powerful antioxidant, there are concerns that lipoic acid could make radiation therapy or chemotherapy less effective. While this concern is based largely on theories of how cancer treatments work, it is supported by some recent studies. For this reason, people being treated for cancer should speak with their doctors before taking this supplement." cancer.org

http://www.lymphomation.org/CAM-A-E.htm#lipoic
 
So far there is no evidence from controlled clinical trials to show therapeutic or protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid. Clinical studies of sufficient size are required to determine the risks and potential benefits of any intervention, particularly when the effects are modest or small.
bullet
Report your symptoms so the treatment dose can be adjusted.

Please do not self-treat with vitamins, for which there is no clinical evidence.
bullet
Vitamin B for treating peripheral neuropathy - no evidence of meaningful benefit ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18646107

Randomized and quasi-randomized trials where vitamin B was compared with placebo or another treatment in generalized peripheral neuropathy.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There are only limited data in randomised trials testing the efficacy of vitamin B for treating peripheral neuropathy and the evidence is insufficient to determine whether vitamin B is beneficial or harmful. One small trial in alcoholic peripheral neuropathy reported slightly greater improvement in vibration perception threshold with oral benfotiamine for eight weeks than placebo. In another small study, a higher dose of oral vitamin B complex for four weeks was more efficacious than a lower dose in reducing symptoms and signs. Vitamin B administered by various routes for two to eight weeks was less efficacious than alpha-lipoic acid, cilostazol or cytidine triphosphate in short-term improvement of clinical and nerve conduction study outcomes. Vitamin B is generally well-tolerated.
bullet
Find Board Certified Neurologist application.abpn.com

The American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc. (ABPN) is a not-for-profit corporation dedicated to serving the public interest and the professions of psychiatry and neurology  by promoting excellence in practice through certification and maintenance of certification  processes. The ABPN is a Member Board of the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS).
bullet
ClinicalTrials.gov  studies for chemo-related peripheral neuropathy
bullet
Nerve Growth Factor: 

New Treatment Shows Promise for Peripheral Neuropathy
Excerpted from an article by Matt Chappel, ACT UP/Golden Gate
  PDF 
bullet
Neurologychannel.com
bullet
Chronic pain treatments work better together eurekalert.org 

"When given both an anti-seizure drug (gabapentin) and an antidepressant (nortriptyline), patients suffering from neuropathic pain caused by nerve damage or disease experienced less pain than when they took one or the other individually, reports Ian Gilron"

Resources: 

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What are the symptoms of chemo-induced PN? cancer.org
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Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Fact Sheet  cancersupportivecare.com
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Numbness & Tingling chemocare.com
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The Houston Peripheral Neuropathy Support Group  winoverpn.com
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About Neuropathy neurologychannel 
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Differential diagnosis of symptoms  thebody 
Relates symptoms and clinical features to types of neuropathy.
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Find a doctor who specializes in Neuropathy  neuropathy.org 
bullet
Management of Sensory Neuropathy  thebody
bullet
Patient Guide prepared by MSKCC  PDF 
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Venlafaxine Helpful in Painful Polyneuropathy CME News Author: Laurie Barclay, MD
CME Author: Bernard M. Sklar, MD, MS  Medscape (free login req.)
bullet
bullet
Vincristine (a cancer drug): raised level of serum alkaline
phosphatase may predict severe neurotoxicity


Can severe vincristine neurotoxicity be prevented? Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1982;8(2):211-4.
PMID: 6125275 | Related articles
bullet
Vincristine: Can its therapeutic index be enhanced?  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pbc.22161/a

A cautionary note:

It's reported that mega-doses of vitamin b-6 (pyridoxine) can cause sensory neuropathy, so best to consult an informed neurologist and avoid practicing medicine on oneself.

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) toxicity courtesy of your local health food store
C D Silva and D P D'Cruz

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1798481/



Neuropathy 
Quick Reference

Side effect of some 
chemo agents.

Experienced as a loss of feeling in limbs and extremities

May improve with time.

Difficult to treat.

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Research News

bullet
Chronic pain treatments work better together, says anesthesiologist eurekalert.org 

"When given both an anti-seizure drug (gabapentin) and an antidepressant (nortriptyline), patients suffering from neuropathic pain caused by nerve damage or disease experienced less pain than when they took one or the other individually, reports Ian Gilron"
bullet
Toxic neuropathy in patients with pre-existing neuropathy.
Neurology. 2003 Jan 28;60(2):337-40. PMID: 12552058  PubMed
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Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) ("which has features of a neuropathy"): double blind controlled study of alpha-lipoic acid (thioctic acid) therapy. J Oral Pathol Med. 2002 May;31(5):267-9. PMID: 12110042  PubMed
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Oxidative stress and diabetic neuropathy: pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment perspectives. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2002 May-Jun;18(3):176-84. PMID: 12112935  PubMed
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Insulin-like growth factor I reverses experimental diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Am J Pathol. 1999 Nov;155(5):1651-60. PMID: 10550321  PubMed 
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Caution: Insulin-like growth factor induces the survival and proliferation of myeloma cells through an interleukin-6-independent transduction pathway. Br  J Haematol. 2000 Nov;111(2):626-34. PMID: 11122111 PubMed
 
Disclaimer:  The information on Lymphomation.org is not intended to be a substitute for 
professional medical advice or to replace your relationship with a physician.
For all medical concerns,  you should always consult your doctor. 
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